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# Mango Wayland Compositor
![MangoWC Logo](https://github.com/DreamMaoMao/mangowc/blob/main/assets/mango-transparency-256.png)
This project's development is based on [dwl](https://codeberg.org/dwl/dwl/).
1. **Lightweight & Fast Build**
- _Mango_ is as lightweight as _dwl_, and can be built completely within
a few seconds. Despite this, _Mango_ does not compromise on
functionality.
2. **Feature Highlights**
- In addition to basic WM functionality, Mango provides:
- Excellent xwayland support.
- Base tags not workspaces (supports separate window layouts for each
tag)
- Smooth and customizable complete animations (window
open/move/close, tag enter/leave,layer open/close/move)
- Excellent input method support (text input v2/v3)
- Flexible window layouts with easy switching (scroller,
master-stack, monocle,center-master, etc.)
- Rich window states (swallow, minimize, maximize, unglobal, global,
fakefullscreen, overlay, etc.)
- Simple yet powerful external configuration(support shortcuts hot-reload)
- Sway-like scratchpad and named scratchpad
- Ipc support(get/send message from/to compositor by external program)
- Hycov-like overview
- Window effects from scenefx (blur, shadow, corner radius, opacity)
- Zero flickering - every frame is perfect.
<https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/bb83004a-0563-4b48-ad89-6461a9b78b1f>
## Quick Start Guide
## What is MangoWC?
MangoWC is a **Wayland compositor** - a program that manages windows and
displays on modern Linux systems using the Wayland protocol. If you're
familiar with window managers like i3, dwm, or awesome, MangoWC provides
similar tiling window management functionality but for Wayland instead of
X11.
## First Steps After Installation
1. **Copy the default configuration:**
```bash
mkdir -p ~/.config/mango
cp /usr/share/mango/config.conf ~/.config/mango/config.conf
```
2. **Launch MangoWC:**
- From a display manager: Select "Mango" session
- From TTY: Run `mango`
3. **Essential first keybindings to know:**
- `Alt + Return` - Open terminal (foot)
- `Alt + Space` - Open application launcher (rofi)
- `Alt + Q` - Close focused window
- `Super + M` - Exit MangoWC
- `Super + R` - Reload configuration (after making changes)
4. **Create an autostart script** (optional):
```bash
# Create ~/.config/mango/autostart.sh
#!/bin/bash
# Set wallpaper
swaybg -i ~/Pictures/wallpaper.jpg &
# Start status bar
waybar &
# Start notification daemon
swaync &
```
Make it executable: `chmod +x ~/.config/mango/autostart.sh`
## Key Concepts
### Tags vs Workspaces
Unlike traditional workspaces, **tags** are more flexible:
- **Workspaces**: A window belongs to one workspace. Switching workspaces
shows a different set of windows.
- **Tags**: A window can have multiple tags. You can view multiple tags at
once or filter to specific tags.
Think of tags as labels you can attach to windows. You can view windows with
tag 1, or tag 2, or both tags 1 and 2 simultaneously.
**Default behavior:**
- `Ctrl + 1-9` - View tag 1-9
- `Alt + 1-9` - Move current window to tag 1-9
- Each tag can have its own layout (tile, scroller, grid, etc.)
### Window Layouts
MangoWC supports 9 different layouts:
| Layout | Description | Best For |
|--------|-------------|----------|
| **tile** | Master-stack tiling | General multitasking |
| **scroller** | Horizontal scrolling columns | Wide content, terminals |
| **monocle** | One window fullscreen at a time | Focus, presentations |
| **grid** | Windows arranged in grid | Many small windows |
| **deck** | Stack of windows, one visible | Cycling through tasks |
| **center_tile** | Master centered, stack on sides | Symmetrical layout |
| **vertical_tile** | Master top, stack bottom | Wide monitors |
| **vertical_scroller** | Vertical scrolling rows | Document review |
| **vertical_grid** | Vertical grid arrangement | Vertical content |
**Switch layouts:**
- `Super + N` - Cycle through layouts for current tag
- Each tag can have its own default layout (set in `config.conf`)
### Scratchpad
The **scratchpad** is a hidden workspace for temporary windows:
- `Alt + Z` - Toggle scratchpad (hide/show)
- Windows in scratchpad are hidden but not closed
- Perfect for calculator, music player, notes, etc.
- Scratchpad windows float centered on screen
**Usage example:**
1. Open a terminal (`Alt + Return`)
2. Move it to scratchpad (`Alt + Z`)
3. It disappears
4. Press `Alt + Z` again - it appears over your current work
5. Press `Alt + Z` again - it hides again
### Overview Mode
**Overview** mode shows all windows at once (like Alt+Tab visualization):
- `Alt + Tab` - Toggle overview mode
- See all windows across all tags
- Click a window to focus it
- Move windows in overview
- Hotarea: Move mouse to top edge of screen to trigger overview
### Window States
Windows can have multiple states:
- **Floating**: Window floats above tiled windows, can be moved/resized freely
- `Alt + \` - Toggle floating
- `Super + Left-drag` - Move floating window
- `Super + Right-drag` - Resize floating window
- **Fullscreen**: Window covers entire screen, hides all others
- `Alt + F` - Toggle fullscreen
- `Alt + Shift + F` - Toggle fake fullscreen (fullscreen but stays in layout)
- **Maximized**: Window fills screen but shows borders/gaps
- `Alt + A` - Toggle maximize
- **Minimized**: Window hidden but not in scratchpad
- `Super + I` - Minimize current window
- `Super + Shift + I` - Restore last minimized window
- **Global**: Window visible on all tags
- `Super + G` - Toggle global state
- **Overlay**: Window stays on top of others
- `Super + O` - Toggle overlay state
## Day-to-Day Usage
### Typical Workflow
1. **Open applications:**
```text
Alt + Space → Application launcher
Alt + Return → Terminal
```
2. **Navigate windows:**
```text
Alt + Arrow Keys → Focus window in direction
Super + Tab → Focus next window in stack
```
3. **Organize windows:**
```text
Super + Shift + Arrows → Swap window positions
Alt + \ → Toggle floating
Alt + 1-9 → Move to specific tag
```
4. **Adjust layout:**
```text
Super + N → Change layout
Alt + Shift + X/Z → Increase/decrease gaps
```
5. **Multi-monitor:**
```text
Alt + Shift + Left/Right → Focus other monitor
Super + Alt + Left/Right → Move window to other monitor
```
### Common Use Cases
**Web browsing + Terminal:**
- Open browser on tag 1, terminal on tag 2
- Use `Ctrl + 1` and `Ctrl + 2` to switch between them
**Development workflow:**
- Tag 1: Code editor (center_tile layout)
- Tag 2: Browser (monocle layout)
- Tag 3: Terminals (tile or scroller layout)
- Scratchpad: Calculator, notes
**Keeping a window visible everywhere:**
- Open music player or chat app
- Press `Super + G` to make it global
- It now appears on all tags
## IPC Control with mmsg
MangoWC includes `mmsg` - a command-line tool to control the compositor:
### Get Information
```bash
# Get current tag info
mmsg -t
# Get layout information
mmsg -L
# Get output (monitor) information
mmsg -o
# Watch for changes (real-time updates)
mmsg -w -t # Watch tags
```
### Send Commands
```bash
# Switch to tag 3
mmsg -d view 3
# Move window to tag 5
mmsg -d tag 5
# Change layout
mmsg -d setlayout tile
# Reload configuration
mmsg -d reload_config
# Spawn application
mmsg -d spawn firefox
```
### Scripting Examples
**Auto-save workspace state:**
```bash
#!/bin/bash
# Save current tags to file
mmsg -t > ~/mango-state.txt
```
**Tag-specific wallpapers:**
```bash
#!/bin/bash
# In a loop, change wallpaper based on active tag
while true; do
TAG=$(mmsg -t | grep "seltag" | cut -d: -f2)
swaybg -i ~/wallpapers/tag${TAG}.jpg &
sleep 1
done
```
**Quick window layout toggle:**
```bash
#!/bin/bash
# Toggle between tile and monocle layouts
CURRENT=$(mmsg -L | grep "layout_name:" | head -1)
if [[ $CURRENT == *"tile"* ]]; then
mmsg -d setlayout monocle
else
mmsg -d setlayout tile
fi
```
## Troubleshooting
### MangoWC won't start
1. **Check dependencies:**
```bash
# Verify wlroots and scenefx are installed
pkg-config --modversion wlroots scenefx
```
2. **Check logs:**
```bash
# Run from terminal to see error messages
mango
```
3. **XWayland issues:**
```bash
# If X11 apps won't start, rebuild with XWayland
meson configure build -Dxwayland=enabled
ninja -C build install
```
### Config changes not applying
- Run `Super + R` to reload config
- Some settings (trackpad, mouse) require logout/login
- Check config syntax: `mango --validate-config` (if available)
### Keybindings not working
1. **Find correct key name:**
```bash
# Install wev to see key names
wev
# Press keys and see their names
```
2. **Check for conflicts:**
- Look for duplicate bindings in `config.conf`
- Some apps capture keys (browsers, terminals)
### Applications not starting
1. **Missing required tools:**
```bash
# Install suggested applications
sudo pacman -S rofi foot waybar swaybg
```
2. **Check autostart script:**
```bash
# Test autostart manually
bash ~/.config/mango/autostart.sh
```
### Performance issues
1. **Disable effects:**
```conf
# In config.conf
animations=0
blur=0
shadows=0
```
2. **Check GPU drivers:**
```bash
# Ensure proper graphics drivers are installed
glxinfo | grep "OpenGL"
```
### Screen sharing not working
Install portal packages:
```bash
sudo pacman -S xdg-desktop-portal xdg-desktop-portal-wlr
```
## Getting Help
- **Discord**: [MangoWC Community](https://discord.gg/CPjbDxesh5)
- **Wiki**: [Full documentation](https://github.com/DreamMaoMao/mango/wiki/)
- **Website**: [mangowc.vercel.app/docs](https://mangowc.vercel.app/docs)
- **Issues**: [GitHub Issues](https://github.com/DreamMaoMao/mangowc/issues)
## Our discord
[mangowc](https://discord.gg/CPjbDxesh5)
---
## Installation
[![Packaging status](https://repology.org/badge/vertical-allrepos/mangowc.svg)](https://repology.org/project/mangowc/versions)
## Dependencies
- glibc
- wayland
- wayland-protocols
- libinput
- libdrm
- libxkbcommon
- pixman
- git
- meson
- ninja
- libdisplay-info
- libliftoff
- hwdata
- seatd
- pcre2
- xorg-xwayland
- libxcb
## Arch Linux
The package is in the Arch User Repository and is available for manual
download from the
[AUR package page](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/mangowc-git) or
through a AUR helper like yay:
```bash
yay -S mangowc-git
```
## Gentoo Linux
The package is in the community-maintained repository called GURU.
First, add GURU repository:
```bash
emerge --ask --verbose eselect-repository
eselect repository enable guru
emerge --sync guru
```
Then, add `gui-libs/scenefx` and `gui-wm/mangowc` to the `package.accept_keywords`.
Finally, install the package:
```bash
emerge --ask --verbose gui-wm/mangowc
```
## Fedora Linux
The package is in the third-party Terra repository.
First, add the [Terra Repository](https://terra.fyralabs.com/).
Then, install the package:
```bash
dnf install mangowc
```
## GuixSD
The package definition is described in the source repository.
First, add `mangowc` channel to `channels.scm` file:
```scheme
;; In $HOME/.config/guix/channels.scm
(cons (channel
(name 'mangowc)
(url "https://github.com/DreamMaoMao/mangowc.git"))
... ;; Your other channels
%default-channels)
```
Then, run `guix pull` and after update you can either run
`guix install mangowc` or add it to your configuration via:
```scheme
(use-modules (mangowc)) ;; Add mangowc module
;; Add mangowc to packages list
(packages (cons
mangowc
... ;; Other packages you specified
%base-packages))
```
And then rebuild your system.
## Other
```bash
git clone -b 0.19.2 https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/wlroots/wlroots.git
cd wlroots
meson build -Dprefix=/usr
sudo ninja -C build install
git clone -b 0.4.1 https://github.com/wlrfx/scenefx.git
cd scenefx
meson build -Dprefix=/usr
sudo ninja -C build install
git clone https://github.com/DreamMaoMao/mangowc.git
cd mangowc
meson build -Dprefix=/usr
sudo ninja -C build install
```
## Suggested Tools
### Hybrid component
- [dms-shell](https://github.com/AvengeMedia/DankMaterialShell)
### Independent component
- Application launcher (rofi, bemenu, wmenu, fuzzel)
- Terminal emulator (foot, wezterm, alacritty, kitty, ghostty)
- Status bar (waybar, eww, quickshell, ags), waybar is preferred
- Wallpaper setup (swww, swaybg)
- Notification daemon (swaync, dunst,mako)
- Desktop portal (xdg-desktop-portal, xdg-desktop-portal-wlr, xdg-desktop-portal-gtk)
- Clipboard (wl-clipboard, wl-clip-persist, cliphist)
- Gamma control/night light (wlsunset, gammastep)
- Miscellaneous (xfce-polkit, wlogout)
## Default Keybindings Reference
> **Note**: All keybindings can be customized in `~/.config/mango/config.conf`
### Essential Shortcuts
| Keybinding | Action | Description |
|----------------|---------------|----------------------------------|
| `Alt + Return` | Open terminal | Launches foot terminal emulator |
| `Alt + Space` | Open launcher | Launches rofi application |
| | | launcher |
| `Alt + Q` | Close window | Kill focused window |
| `Super + M` | Exit | Quit MangoWC |
| `Super + R` | Reload config | Apply config changes without |
| | | restart |
### Window Management
| Keybinding | Action |
|---------------------------|-------------------------------------|
| `Alt + ←/→/↑/↓` | Focus window in direction |
| `Super + Tab` | Focus next window |
| `Super + Shift + ←/→/↑/↓` | Swap window with neighbor |
| `Alt + \` | Toggle floating/tiling |
| `Alt + F` | Toggle fullscreen |
| `Alt + Shift + F` | Toggle fake fullscreen |
| `Alt + A` | Toggle maximize |
| `Super + I` | Minimize window |
| `Super + Shift + I` | Restore minimized window |
| `Super + G` | Toggle global (visible all tags) |
| `Super + O` | Toggle overlay (always on top) |
### Tag (Workspace) Management
| Keybinding | Action |
|---------------------|--------------------------------------|
| `Ctrl + 1-9` | Switch to tag 1-9 |
| `Alt + 1-9` | Move window to tag 1-9 (and follow) |
| `Super + ←/→` | Previous/next tag |
| `Ctrl + ←/→` | Previous/next tag with windows |
| `Ctrl + Super + ←/→`| Move window to previous/next tag |
### Layout Control
| Keybinding | Action |
|---------------------|--------------------------------------|
| `Super + N` | Cycle through layouts |
| `Alt + E` | Set window to full width (scroller) |
| `Alt + X` | Cycle width presets (scroller) |
| `Alt + Shift + X/Z` | Increase/decrease gaps |
| `Alt + Shift + R` | Toggle gaps on/off |
### Special Features
| Keybinding | Action |
|-------------------------|--------------------------|
| `Alt + Tab` | Toggle overview mode |
| `Alt + Z` | Toggle scratchpad |
| `Super + Scroll Up/Down`| Switch tags with scroll |
| | wheel |
### Multi-Monitor
| Keybinding | Action |
|---------------------|----------------------------------|
| `Alt + Shift + ←/→` | Focus adjacent monitor |
| `Super + Alt + ←/→` | Move window to adjacent monitor |
### Floating Window Adjustment
| Keybinding | Action |
|---------------------------|------------------------------------|
| `Ctrl + Shift + ←/→/↑/↓` | Move floating window by pixels |
| `Ctrl + Alt + ←/→/↑/↓` | Resize floating window by pixels |
| `Super + Left-drag` | Move floating window with mouse |
| `Super + Right-drag` | Resize floating window with mouse |
| `Middle-click` | Maximize window |
> **Tip**: Press `Super + R` after editing your config to reload without restarting!
## My Dotfiles
### Daily
- Dependencies
```bash
yay -S rofi foot xdg-desktop-portal-wlr swaybg waybar wl-clip-persist \
cliphist wl-clipboard wlsunset xfce-polkit swaync pamixer wlr-dpms \
sway-audio-idle-inhibit-git swayidle dimland-git brightnessctl swayosd \
wlr-randr grim slurp satty swaylock-effects-git wlogout sox
```
### Dms
- Dependencies
```bash
yay -S foot xdg-desktop-portal-wlr swaybg wl-clip-persist cliphist \
wl-clipboard sway-audio-idle-inhibit-git brightnessctl grim slurp satty \
matugen-bin dms-shell-git
```
- use my dms config
```bash
git clone -b dms https://github.com/DreamMaoMao/mango-config.git ~/.config/mango
```
- use my daily config
```bash
git clone https://github.com/DreamMaoMao/mango-config.git ~/.config/mango
```
## Documentation
MangoWC comes with comprehensive documentation to help you get started and
master the compositor:
### 📚 Documentation Files
- **[USAGE.md](USAGE.md)** - Practical guide for day-to-day usage
- Common workflows and usage patterns
- Layout explanations with diagrams
- Scratchpad and overview mode guides
- Multi-monitor workflows
- Customization tips and examples
- **[COMMANDS.md](COMMANDS.md)** - Complete command reference
- All available commands with descriptions
- Parameter documentation
- Keybinding examples
- IPC/mmsg usage and scripting examples
- **[config.conf](config.conf)** - Annotated configuration file
- All settings explained with inline comments
- Example configurations
- Default keybindings
### 🌐 Online Resources
- **[Wiki](https://github.com/DreamMaoMao/mango/wiki/)** - Comprehensive
online documentation
- **[Website](https://mangowc.vercel.app/docs)** - Web-based documentation
- **[Discord](https://discord.gg/CPjbDxesh5)** - Community support and discussions
### 📖 Quick Links by Topic
- **Getting Started:** See [Quick Start Guide](#quick-start-guide) above
- **Understanding Concepts:** [Key Concepts](#key-concepts) section above
- **Daily Usage:** [USAGE.md](USAGE.md) for workflows and patterns
- **Command Reference:** [COMMANDS.md](COMMANDS.md) for all commands
- **Configuration:** [config.conf](config.conf) with inline documentation
- **Troubleshooting:** [Troubleshooting](#troubleshooting) section above
- **IPC/Scripting:** [IPC Control with mmsg](#ipc-control-with-mmsg) section above
---
## NixOS + Home-manager
The repo contains a flake that provides a NixOS module and a home-manager
module for mango.
Use the NixOS module to install mango with other necessary components of a
working Wayland environment.
Use the home-manager module to declare configuration and autostart for
mango.
Here's an example of using the modules in a flake:
```nix
{
inputs = {
nixpkgs.url = "github:NixOS/nixpkgs/nixos-unstable";
home-manager = {
url = "github:nix-community/home-manager";
inputs.nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs";
};
flake-parts.url = "github:hercules-ci/flake-parts";
mango = {
url = "github:DreamMaoMao/mango";
inputs.nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs";
};
};
outputs =
inputs@{ self, flake-parts, ... }:
flake-parts.lib.mkFlake { inherit inputs; } {
debug = true;
systems = [ "x86_64-linux" ];
flake = {
nixosConfigurations = {
hostname = inputs.nixpkgs.lib.nixosSystem {
system = "x86_64-linux";
modules = [
inputs.home-manager.nixosModules.home-manager
# Add mango nixos module
inputs.mango.nixosModules.mango
{
programs.mango.enable = true;
}
{
home-manager = {
useGlobalPkgs = true;
useUserPackages = true;
backupFileExtension = "backup";
users."username".imports =
[
(
{ ... }:
{
wayland.windowManager.mango = {
enable = true;
settings = ''
# see config.conf
'';
autostart_sh = ''
# see autostart.sh
# Note: here no need to add shebang
'';
};
}
)
]
++ [
# Add mango hm module
inputs.mango.hmModules.mango
];
};
}
];
};
};
};
};
}
```
## Packaging mango
To package mango for other distributions, you can check the reference setup
for:
- [nix](https://github.com/DreamMaoMao/mangowc/blob/main/nix/default.nix)
- [arch](https://aur.archlinux.org/cgit/aur.git/tree/PKGBUILD?h=mangowc-git).
- [gentoo](https://data.gpo.zugaina.org/guru/gui-wm/mangowc)
You might need to package `scenefx` for your distribution, check availability
at the [scenefx repository](https://github.com/wlrfx/scenefx.git).
If you encounter build errors when packaging `mango`, feel free to create an
issue and ask a question, but Read The Friendly Manual on packaging software
in your distribution first.
## Thanks to These Reference Repositories
- <https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/wlroots/wlroots> - Implementation of Wayland protocol
- <https://github.com/dqrk0jeste/owl> - Basal window animation
- <https://codeberg.org/dwl/dwl> - Basal dwl feature
- <https://github.com/swaywm/sway> - Sample of Wayland protocol
- <https://github.com/wlrfx/scenefx> - Make it simple to add window effect.
## Sponsor
At present, I can only accept sponsorship through an encrypted connection.
If you find this project helpful to you, you can offer sponsorship in the
following ways.
![image](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/8c860317-90d2-4071-971d-f1a92b674469)
Thanks to the following friends for their sponsorship of this project
[@tonybanters](https://github.com/tonybanters)
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